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With the acceleration of aging and the changes of people's lifestyle and environment， the incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases （chronic diseases） in China is increasing， which has become a major public health problem. The number of sub-health people is even more and rising. The thought of treating disease before its onset emphasizes taking precautions against disease and preventing change after disease onset， which is one of the core contents of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） theory. According to the theory of TCM， health as a dynamic balance of yin and yang and diseases can be prevented and treated by maintaining this balance. The "state adjustment" strategy suggests to treat diseases by adjusting the state of exuberance or decline based on recognizing and distinguishing "state"， which has important guiding significance for developing and evaluating the healthcare food produced with Chinese medicinal materials. Healthcare food plays a vital role in health promotion， chronic disease prevention， and quality of life improvement. At present， the healthcare food produced with Chinese medicinal materials in China generally lacks TCM guidance and fails to fully reflect the advantages of TCM. In this study， the development strategy， functional claims， evaluation methods， and existing problems of healthcare food were discussed. Furthermore， with diabetes as an example， the "state adjustment" strategy was introduced into product development and evaluation to provide ideas for promoting the rapid growth of healthcare food with TCM characteristics.
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of aging and the changes of people's lifestyle and environment， the incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases （chronic diseases） in China is increasing， which has become a major public health problem. The number of sub-health people is even more and rising. The thought of treating disease before its onset emphasizes taking precautions against disease and preventing change after disease onset， which is one of the core contents of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） theory. According to the theory of TCM， health as a dynamic balance of yin and yang and diseases can be prevented and treated by maintaining this balance. The "state adjustment" strategy suggests to treat diseases by adjusting the state of exuberance or decline based on recognizing and distinguishing "state"， which has important guiding significance for developing and evaluating the healthcare food produced with Chinese medicinal materials. Healthcare food plays a vital role in health promotion， chronic disease prevention， and quality of life improvement. At present， the healthcare food produced with Chinese medicinal materials in China generally lacks TCM guidance and fails to fully reflect the advantages of TCM. In this study， the development strategy， functional claims， evaluation methods， and existing problems of healthcare food were discussed. Furthermore， with diabetes as an example， the "state adjustment" strategy was introduced into product development and evaluation to provide ideas for promoting the rapid growth of healthcare food with TCM characteristics.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human granulocyte macrophage stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) combined with R-CHOP regimen in treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:The clinical data of 39 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL treated with rhGM-CSF combined with R-CHOP regimen, and 39 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL treated with R-CHOP regimen in Naval Medical University (Changhai Hospital) from February 2017 to November 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The total response rate (ORR), remission rate (CR) rate, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse reactions of both groups were compared.Results:In rhGM-CSF combined with R-CHOP regimen group and R-CHOP regimen group, ORR was 87.2% (34/39) and 82.1% (32/39), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 0.394, P = 0.53); CR rate was 71.8% (28/39) and 56.4% (22/39), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 2.006, P = 0.157). Until the last follow up on September 19, 2020, 32 patients survived and 7 patients died in rhGM-CSF combined with R-CHOP regimen group, of which 1 case died of bowel cancer, and the primary disease was still in CR. In the R-CHOP regimen group, 32 survived and 7 died. The 2-year OS rates of the two groups were 82.5% and 73.9%, respectively ( χ2 = 0.038, P = 0.845); the 2-year PFS rates of the two groups were 67.1% and 55.2%, respectively ( χ2 = 0.457, P = 0.499). Subgroup analysis results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in CR rates among germinal center B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subgroups, Lugano stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Lugano stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ subgroups, aged <60 years and aged ≥60 years subgroups in rhGM-CSF combined with R-CHOP regimen group and R-CHOP regimen group (all P > 0.05). The major adverse reactions included bone marrow suppression and its inducible infections. There were no significant differences in the incidence of grade 3-4 hematological adverse reactions and infections between the two groups (all P > 0.05). All patients safely went through bone marrow suppression after support treatments without treatment-related deaths. Conclusions:rhGM-CSF combined with R-CHOP regimen is safe and effective in treatment of newly diagnosed DLBCL.
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BACKGROUND:Temperature measure methods of human tissue include destructive measurement and nondestructive measurement. Destructive measurement cannot measure three-dimensional (3D) temperature field and nondestructive measure is stil in the research stage. It is better way to build a mathematical and physical model to predict and simulate femur tumor hyperthermia. OBJECTIVE:To obtain the three-dimensional temperature distribution of femur and its surrounding tissues during tumor hyperthermia. METHODS:3D temperature distribution was obtained by using finite element method on the basis of heat conduction theory, Laplace equation, Pennes bio-heat transfer equation, thermo physical parameters of bone tissues, the boundary condition, and initial conditions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The femur had good hinder effect to heat transfer. Femoral temperature curve in the 3D space showed el ipsoid distribution with heat source as the center;the closer from heat source, the greater the temperature gradient was. The three major diameters of temperature isoline were different at 50℃, which is maximum in cross section and minimum in the sagittal plane. In the three directions of the femur, transfer capability of temperature was different, so the radius of the inactivation of the tumor was also different. Because the 3D temperature space distribution of femur is asymmetry during hyperthermia, the necessary method is to use more than a heat source in order to avoid residual cancer tissue or destructive normal tissue.
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Objective To investigate the curative effect of transpedicular screw fixation plus percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for treatment of severe thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).Methods Twenty-one patients with severe OVCF presenting to our hospital from July 2012 to May 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.There were nine male and twelve female patients,aged 50-78 years (mean,68.8 years).The level of injury was T1 1 in four patients,T12 in six,L1 in five,L2 in three,L3 in two and L4 in one.Time between injury and surgery was 2-16 d (mean,7.5 d).All patients underwent pedicle screw fixation at the injured level combined with PVP.Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for evaluation of lower back pain after operation,Oswestry disability index(ODI) for lower back function,lateral thoracolumbar film for Cobb angle and anterior vertebral height compression ratio,and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score for spinal cord nerve function.Postoperative complications were recorded.Results All patients were followed up for 12-21 months [(15.7 ± 2.9) months].Postoperative studies showed significant differences in VAS [(2.9 ± 1.1) scores],ODI [(30.8 ± 7.5) ％],Cobb angle [(21.5 ± 7.3) °] and anterior vertebral height compression ratio [(44.3 ± 13.9) ％] compared to the preoperative measures (P ＜ 0.05).Cobb angle and anterior vertebral height compression ratio at the final follow-up were (23.4 ± 7.7)° and (49.1 ± 13.7)％ respectively,and had no significant differences from the postoperative measures (P ＞ 0.05).According to the ASIA score,eight patients with neural function injury had one to two level recovery at the final follow-up.Asymptomatic cement leakage occurred in seven patients after operation.There was no internal fixation breakage at the final follow-up.Conclusions Transpedicular screw fixation plus PVP can not only restore the height and strength of the injured vertebrae and correct kyphotic deformity,but also relieve low back pain and improve function of the spine.Therefore,the technique is a safe,reliable and effective surgical treatment for severe thoracolumbar OVCF.
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Objective To evaluate the safety of laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (CME) in radical resection for right colon cancer. Methods From January 2012 to June 2013, laparoscopic CME was performed in 40 patients with right colon cancer. Another group of 38 patients underwent traditional radical resection from January 2011 to December 2011.Surgical outcomes were compared between the two groups . Results The number of lymph nodes retrieved in the laparoscopic group ( 22.1 ±7.8 ) was significantly more than that in the traditional group (18.6 ±4.3, t =2.436, P =0.017).In patients with stage Ⅲ cancer, the laparoscopic group was associated with higher lymph node counts (23.0 ±6.0 vs.18.2 ±5.1, t=2.699, P=0.000), however, there were no significant differences in those with stage Ⅱ cancer between the two groups (t=0.758, P=0.454).There were no differences in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (t=0.716, P=0.476;t=-1.547, P=0.126), but in the laparoscopic group the time to pelvic drainage tube removal , time to first flatus, time to liquid diet intake , duration of hospital stay, and postoperative complications were significantly better than those in the traditional group (t=-2.950, P=0.004;t=-5.767, P=0.000; t =-7.817, P =0.000; t =-6.065, P =0.000; χ2 =4.504, P =0.034). Conclusions CME technique in laparoscopic radical right hemicolectomy is feasible , safe, and effective.CME improves the surgical quality with keeping the integrity of mesocolon , more harvested lymph nodes , and not increasing surgical risks and postoperative complications .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the curative effect and side effect of tigecycline in the treatment of patients with infection caused by granulocytopenia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 107 patients who were treated with tigecycline for infection due to granulocytopenia were retrospectively reviewed. The tigecycline was administered by intravenously (30-60 min drip infusion)as the initial dose of 100 mg and maintenance does of 50 mg, every 12h. The whole treatment course kept for 5-7 d when the body temperature was normal and then the step-down treatment or discontinuation of the drug was adopted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 104 strains of bacteria were isolated from 107 cases of hospitalized patient, including 60 multi-drug resistant strains (MDR) and 2 extensively-drug resistant strains (XDR). The total effective rate of tigecycline treatment was 62.6%, including 30 cases with tigecycline alone (63.3% of the effective rate), 21 cases with tigecycline as initial treatment followed by combination with other antibiotics (61.9% of the effective rate), and 56 cases with tigecycline in combination with other antibiotics from the beginning of the treatment (62.5% of the effective rate). There was no statistical significant difference between the 3 treatment groups (P=0.994). Among the 39 patients with MDR strains, 22 patients' temperature was controlled , 9 patients died, and 8 patients' temperature remained uncontrolled. The clinical effective rate of these patients was 56.4%. The median onset time of tigecycline treatment was 3 days. The adverse drug reactions of nausea (11.2% ) and vomiting (8.4% )were tolerable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tigecycline is effective in treatment of resistant bacteria infection in patients with granulocytopenia. The side effects of tigecycline were few, safe and generally well tolerated.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Agranulocytosis , Microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Bacterial Infections , Drug Therapy , Body Temperature , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Minocycline , Therapeutic Uses , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical safety and efficacy of decitabine in patients of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS/AML).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 79 patients with MDS/AML were divided into three groups: (1)Treated with decitabine alone (20 mg/m² for 5 days). (2) Combination of decitabine with half dose CAG chemotherapy (Acla 20 mg qod×3 d, Ara-C 10 mg/m² q12 h×7 d, G-CSF 300 μg/d, the dose of G-CSF adjust to the amount of blood routine). (3)Combination of decitabine with CAG chemotherapy (Acla 20 mg qod×4 d, Ara-C 10 mg/m² q12 h×14 d, G-CSF 300 μg/d, the dose of G-CSF adjust to the amount of blood routine). We observed complete remission (CR) rate, overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) of the three groups; meanwhile, we analyzed the factors relevant to decitabine efficacy and the prognosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ORR in the three groups were 53.3%, 56.5% and 69.2% respectively, with no statistically significant differences (P>0.05). Due to the last follow-up at 2014.04.01, 20 patients still survived, 45 died, 14 were lost to follow-up. The 5-year cumulative survival rate of 79 patients was 25.3%, the 2-year survival were of the three groups were 34.8%, 24.8 and 29.2% respectively with no statistically significant differences (P>0.05). Adverse events of infection and bleeding were mainly caused by decitabine. Grade 3 to 4 hematological toxicities were observed in 72 cases with the average time for the lack of granulocytes as 14.8 days. 59 patients experienced infectious events, including grade 3 or 4 infections in 14 cases, grade 1 or 2 infections in 45 cases. There were no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) among the three groups in terms of infection rates, bleeding rates, duration of neutrophenia, mean MAP transfusion and mean platelet transfusion. 79 patients were safely through bone marrow suppression by anti-infective and supportive treatment without treatment-related deaths.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Treating MDS/AML with decitabine alone, in combination with half or one course CAG regimen produced high efficacy. ORR of the combination of decitabine with one course CAG regimen was relatively higher. Three groups of patients were all well tolerated.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Aclarubicin , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Therapeutic Uses , Azacitidine , Cytarabine , Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Drug Therapy , Myelodysplastic Syndromes , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells, and their effects on proliferation and migration of tumor cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of CXCR4 mRNA and protein in 20 cases of OSCC tissue, cervical lymph nodes, tongue cancer cell line Tca8113, buccal cancer cell line Bca885, and 10 specimens of normal oral mucosa tissue were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and Western blot. The expression of CXCL12 mRNA was examined by RT-PCR. MTT assay was used to evaluate the CXCR4/CXCL12 influence on proliferation of tumor cells. Chemotaxis and migration response to CXCR4 particular ligand-CXCL12 were detected by chemotaxis assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) Expression levels of CXCR4 mRNA and protein in OSCC tissues, Tca8113 and Bca885 cells were 2.31 +/- 1.13, 1.89 +/- 1.20, 1.67 +/- 1.10 and 1.36 +/- 0.15, 1.85 +/- 0.34, 1.97 +/- 0.23, respectively. CXCR4 mRNA and protein couldn't be detected in normal tissues. CXCL12 mRNA level in cervical lymph nodes was 1.14 +/- 0.87, CXCL12 mRNA couldn't be detected in OSCC and normal tissues. 2) In MTT assay, recombinant CXCL12 stimulated proliferation of tumor cells and CXCR4 neutralization by monoclonal antibodies decreased proliferation. 3) The chemotactic migration of OSCC cells could be induced by CXCL12. CXCL12 at a concentration between 30 ng x mL(-1) and 100 ng x mL(-1) induced the chemotactic migration of OSCC cells in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CXCR4/CXCL12 system may promote proliferation and migration of tumor cells, and may play an important role in lymph node metastasis of OSCC.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Chemokine CXCL12 , Chemotaxis , Lymph Nodes , Lymphatic Metastasis , Mouth Neoplasms , RNA, Messenger , Receptors, CXCR4ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of autophagy on the survival and proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Multiple myeloma (MM) cell line U266 cell autophagy was induced by serum-free culture condition, and adding rapamycin or 3-MA respectively. The cells proliferation was observed. U266 cells, lymphoma cell Jurket under normal culture condition, and serum-free cultured Jurket cell were used as control group. The proliferation and apoptosis of cells were determined by CCK8 and flow cytometry, respectively. MDC staining were employed to detect the autophagy. The mRNA expression of Mtor and Beclin1 gene of U266 cells were assayed by RT-PCR. Protein LC3I/LCII and LAMP1 was analyzed by western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was low level of autophagy in U266 cells, sera starvation increased the level of autophagy. Rapamycin upregulated autophagy of the U266 cells and stimulated their proliferation. But the autophagy level of sera starvation and rapamycin group declined when culture for 96h.3-MA had the same effects on U266 cells, although it was on 24 h. But rapamycin and 3-MA could inhibit cell proliferation under normal culture condition. Compared with normal culture condition, apoptosis of U266 cells increased significantly after 24h incubation in medium without sera \[(1.33 ± 0.09)% and (17.90 ± 1.46)%, respectively\] (P < 0.01). Rapamycin and 3-MA could inhibit the serum-free induced apoptosis \[(6.23 ± 0.12)% and (6.97 ± 0.03)%, respectively\](P < 0.01), but cell apoptosis was at the same level after 72 hour incubation \[(30.37 ± 0.27)%, (30.13 ± 1.93)% and (28.57 ± 2.83)%, respectively\] (P > 0.05). However, apoptosis of U266 cells decreased to 18.7% and 12.6% after removal of rapamycin and 3-MA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is basically level of autophagy in MM cells which is higher than those in the Jurkat cells. Both Rapamycin and 3-MA can inhibit the cells proliferation under normal culture condition. Up-regulated autophagy promotes survival and proliferation of MM cells under sera deletion. Rapamycin strengthens this effect with limited duration. 3-MA has dual effects on cell autophagy.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Adenine , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Autophagy , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Flow Cytometry , Multiple Myeloma , Metabolism , Pathology , Sirolimus , PharmacologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of diazoxide pretreatment on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mRNA and p53 mRNA in rat myocardial microvascular endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R).Methods The SD rat myocardial microvascular endothelial cells were cultured. The cells were seeded in 96-well plates ( 100 μl/hole) or in 6 cm diameter dishes (2 ml/dish) with the density of 1 ×106/ml and randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 24 each): normal control group (group C), H/R group, H/R +diazoxide pretreatment group (group DZ) and H/R + diazoxide pretreatment + mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD) group (group DZ + 5-HD). The cells were exposed to 2 h hypoxia followed by 2 h reoxygenation. Diazoxide 100 μmol/L and diazoxide 100 μmol/L + 5-HD 100 μmol/L were added to the culture medium 2 h before hypoxia in DZ and DZ + 5-HD groups respectively. The cell vitality, apoptotic rate and expression of HIF-1α mRNA and p53 mRNA were detected at the end of reoxygenation. Results Compared with group C, the cell vitality was significantly decreased, apoptotic rate increased and the expression of HIF- 1α mRNA and p53 mRNA up-regulated in H/R group ( P ＜ 0.01). Compared with group H/R, the cell vitality was significantly increased, apoptotic rate decreased, the expression of HIF-1α mRNA up-regulated and the expression of p53 mRNA down-regulated in group DZ ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). 5-HD could inhibit diazoxide pretreatment-induced changes mentioned above (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Diazoxide pretreatment can reduce H/R injury in rat myocardial microvascular endothelial cells through up-regulating the expression of HIF-1α and down-regulating the expression of p53, and the mechanism is related to activation of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels.
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This paper introduces what signals are actually transmitted in every procedure of the start-up process of Mx8000 Exp double-slice spiral CT and what relevant parts are acted.Some troubles related to start-up process is briefly presented.